BSD

Shkolim 20a (2)

Iyar 1, 5785 – 4/29/25

Short notes.

1- The next הלכה discusses what to do if one finds a stray animal (that can be bought as a קרבן)  around Yerushalayim. Should we assume that they are קדשים that managed to escape from their owners or they are חולין.

2- Interesting historical fact: When the חכמים ruled that whoever finds these stray animals must not only bring it to the  בית המקדש but also assume the costs of the נסכים associated with the animal (flour and wine), it triggered that people would just drop off the animal and run away!

This caused the חכמים to change their ruling and proclaim that the נסכים will be paid from the general  קופה.

nesachim, – נסכים

בְּהֵמָה שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת מִירוּשָׁלִַם וְעַד מִגְדַּל עֵדֶר וּכְמִידָּתָהּ לְכָל רוּחַ זְכָרִים עוֹלוֹת. נְקֵבוֹת זִבְחֵי שְׁלָמִים. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר הָרָאוּי לִפְסָחִים לִפְסָחִים קוֹדֶם לָרֶגֶל שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ מְמַשְׁכְּנִין אֶת מוֹצְאֶיהָ עַד שֶׁהוּא מֵבִיא נְסָכֶיהָ. חָזְרוּ לִהְיוֹת מַנִּיחִין אוֹתָהּ וּבוֹרְחִין. הִתְקִינוּ בֵּית דִּין שֶׁיְּהוּ נְסָכֶיהָ בָּאִין מִשֶּׁל צִבּוּר. אָמַר רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן שִׁבְעָה דְּבָרִים הִתְקִינוּ בֵּית דִּין וְזֶה אֶחָד מֵהֶן. גּוֹי שֶׁשִּׁילַּח עוֹלָתוֹ מִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם וְשִׁילַּח עִמָּהּ נְסָכֶיהָ קְרֵיבִין מִשֶׁלּוֹ וְאִם לָאו קְרֵיבִין משֶּׁל צִיבּוּר. וְכֵן גֵּר שֶׁמֵּת וְהִנִּיחַ זְבָחִים אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ נְסָכִים קְרֵיבִין מִשֶּׁלוֹ וְאִם לָאו קְרֵיבִין מִשֶּׁל צִבּוּר. תְּנַיי בֵּית דִּין הוּא עַל כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל שֶׁמֵּת שֶׁתְּהֵא מִנְחָתוֹ קְרֵיבָה מִשֶּׁל צִבּוּר. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר מִשֶּׁל יוֹרְשִׁין. וּשְׁלֵימָה הָיְתָה קְרֵבָה. עַל הַמֶּלַח וְעַל הָעֵצִים שֶׁיְּהוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים נֵיאוֹתִין בָּהֶן וְעַל הַפָּרָה שֶׁלֹּא יְהוּ מוֹעֲלִין בְּאֶפְרָהּ. עַל הַקִּינִּין הַפְּסוּלוֹת שֶׁיְּהוּ בָאוֹת מִשֶּׁל צִיבּוּר רִבִּי יוֹסֵה אוֹמֵר הַמְסַפֵּק אֶת הַקִּינִּין הוא מְסַפֵּק אֶת הַפְּסוּלוֹת.

3- The Mishna continues to say that the above תקנה was one of 7 rulings that were enacted by the בית דין. They are all תנאי בית דין , meaning that when the שקלים were collected,  בית דין stipulated that although the collection was made for קרבנות ציבור, occasionally, the funds would be used for ‘other’, non public purposes.

4 – One of the 7 תקנות pertains to the מנחת חביתין which was  brought daily by the כהן גדול (and also by every כהן on the day he began to do עבודה).

Thus, if a כהן turned בר מצוה and was lucky to do any עבודה, he would need first to bring this מנחה.

5- The כהן גדול’s מנחה is something brought daily. He would bring every morning a 10th of an איפה of flour, split it in two and create an unique ‘pancake bread’. First he would mix the flour with oil, then then boil it in water and finally bake the dough into 6 חלות which would be totally burned on the מזבח.

In the afternoon he would repeat this process with the other half of the

10th of an איפה.

One of the תקנות is that in a tragic case where the כהן גדול would pass away prior to him bringing the מנחה, until a replacement would be announced, a full  מנחת חביתין would be brought, twice a day (12 חלות each) from the לשכה.

6 – We discussed the interesting query if a כהן גדול is also a regular כהן.

Seems like a trivial and theoretical question but it has Halachik consequences. More on this topic and other details of this unique מנחה at the next Shiur BL”N.

7- Mentioned briefly if a כהן גדול can be removed and replaced democratically – meaning if the כהנים all vote to remove him.

8- We mentioned the מהרש”ג, Reb Shimon Greenfeld who was a famous פוסק before the war.

רבי שמעון גרינפלד– מהרש”ג

Despite him being a Rov in קהילות that followed רבינו תם’s opinion of a later שקיעה he ruled like the Alter Rebbe, as is our מנהג.

מהרש”ג

נצר מטעי סימן לב

The story we told is about someone (part of a חברה קדישא) who claimed to have a dream about a person he buried. The deceased complained that he was buried ‘backwards’ and is requesting for them to dig up the grave and ‘straighten him out’.

Reb Shimon, as opposed to two other great רבנים, ruled that they should definitely not reopen the grave.

Read the interesting end.

 

ומסיימין בטוב!

A healthy summer to all.